During a Seminar organised in Paris on April 12 th, a debate was held between Gilles Eric Séralini, well known for his highly publicized study concerning the Monsanto NK 603 transgenic corn and Jacques Neirynck, Deputy at the Swiss Parliament, who has been involved in the assessment of MGO's. Only crops produced in an open field were debated, as the use of GMO's for pharmaceutical purposes did not seem to raise objections. The subject is complex and would require a moderate position. Still, the two dominant positions are one-sided. In USA, MGO's encounter very few obstacles, while in Europe they remain forbidden. This situation reflects the battle between lobbies, driven either by commercial firms like Monsanto or by environmental activists. Gilles-Eric Seralini based his arguments mainly upon the toxicity of most pesticides or herbicides. Producing a transgenic corn resistant to an herbicide like the Monsanto Roundup can lead to an overuse of the herbicide, which is a good result for Monsanto, but perhaps not so good for the final user. Still, this argument does not seem to justify forbidding MGO's in general. Jacques Neyrinck mentioned the other applications which include a better resistance of the crops towards illness and drought or a better nutritive or gustative quality. It would be most useful in the future to get a stronger implication from public bodies and independant scientists, able to bring an objective evaluation of different MGO's and to lead research in accordance with public general interest. The fact that it appears difficult to reach such a goal shows that the democratic debate remains too weak. Opening a constructive dialogue seems a major need.
Au cours d'un colloque organisé à Paris le 12 avril 2014, sur le thème des "Nouvelles logiques du vivant", un débat a eu lieu entre Gilles-Eric Seralini et Jacques Neirynck. Gilles-Eric Seralini est bien connu du grand public pour ses études qui ont défrayé la chronique concernant la toxicité du maïs OGM Monsanto MON 863 et surtout celle qui a été publiée en 2012 puis retirée par l'éditeur concernant le maïs NK 603, résistant à l'herbicide Round up de Monsanto. Jacques Neirynck, Député (Conseiller National) au Parlement est, lui, plutôt un défenseur des OGM. Le débat n'a porté que sur les plantes OGM cultivées en plein champ, l'utilisation d'OGM pour des applications pharmaceutiques, en milieu confiné, étant acceptée de part et d'autre. Le sujet est complexe et à l'issue de ce débat, il paraît souhaitable d'adopter des positions nuancées. Or, il est frappant de constater l'opposition complète entre la situation aux Etats-Unis, où les OGM ne rencontrent que très peu d'obstacles et la situation en Europe où ils restent interdits.
