Renewable energy sources are often presented as decentralized. Such a representation is very widespread in the media, and is popularized by writers such as Jeremy Rifkin. The possibility of collecting free energy from the environment, thus getting rid of large industrial companies is of course most appealing. Unfortunately, reality is, for the time being, quite different. Hydraulic and biomass energy do not follow such a logic. The Three Gorges Dam in China is one of the largest human installations ever made. Windwill farms now gather frequently more than a hundred giant windmills. They require an expensive transmission network for transporting the intermittent electricity production. One day, perhaps, if new disruptive storage systems are developed, this situation might change. It is important to carry on research in that direction. But it is better to avoid illusions, so frequently encouraged by the media that public opinion becomes convinced that they correspond to the current situation.
Les énergies renouvelables sont le plus souvent présentées comme décentralisées. Ceci correspond à la représentation, popularisée par des auteurs comme Jeremy Rifkin, de la possibilité pour chacun de générer sa propre énergie. Cette représentation est séduisante, car chacun rêve de devenir autonome et indépendant des grandes compagnies énergétiques. Pouvoir capter sa propre énergie à l'aide de quelques capteurs, éviter les problèmes associés aux énergies fossiles semble la solution idéale. Malheureusement, la réalité est pour le moment assez différente.
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