La conscience métisse / The hybrid consciousness

Daryush Shayegan, the Iranian philosopher and writer, describes the contemporary world, not through the oppposition between East and West, modernity and tradition, but through a "hybrid" thinking, which associates these differentes cultures, for answering to present questions. Thus, he delivers a vision, which preserves the heritage of Enlightment, while being inspired by the ancient wisdoms of  Islam mystics, such as Rûzbahân ou Hâfez, but also from other spiritual traditions . Through the interconnectivity which caracterizes our time, he hopes to rebuild a new reenchanted universe over the ruins of the myths from the Past  By defining the foundations of a multicultural humanism which might help to build a planetary civilization, beyond the present fractures, he carries a great hope. 

Daryush Shayegan is part of these thinkers and writers, such as Ohran Pamuk in Turkey, Naguib Mahfouz or Gamal Ghitany in Egypt, who express the humanism brought by Europe, while feeling themselves at its borderline, By enriching this humanism with their own Tradition, they appear as its most authentic and perhaps last representatives. The link they bring between these different cultures  represents a message of hope for the future of a "planetary civilization".  

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Daryush Shayegan, philosophe et écrivain iranien, décrit le monde contemporain non plus en opposant Orient et Occident, modernité et tradition, mais en développant une " pensée de l'entre-deux ", une pensée hybride ou métisse, qui associe ces différentes cultures, pour répondre aux interrogations actuelles. Il nous livre ainsi une vision, qui reprend l'héritage des Lumières, tout en s'inspirant des sagesses anciennes, des mystiques de l'Islam, tels que Rûzbahân ou Hâfez, mais aussi aussi des autres traditions spirituelles. A travers l'interconnectivité qui caractérise notre époque, il espère reconstruire un univers personnalisé sur les ruines des mythes du passé et aboutir à un réenchantement du monde. 

Le développement durable, un concept hybride pour une période de transition / Sustainable Development, a hybrid concept for a transition period

The concept of « sustainable development » has been proposed in 1987 by Gro Harlem Bruntland, was then Prime Minister of Norway, as an attempt to conciliate economic development and environment preservation. This concept has encountered a great success. It has been used both by communities and enterprises. It has helped to alleviate somewhat the policy based on short-term demand and to take into account broader views. 

At the same time the concept of "sustainable development" as conceived until now presents also limitations. It can be interpreted as consisting to operate mean adjustments, when radical changes seem required. The notion of "development" is by itself ambiguous, as it remains close to the notion of "growth", bringing the question whether or not illimited growth is possible and what lind of growth might remain sustainable. Therefore, it can be considered as a "hybrid" concept, which can help us to organize the transition from the "growth" system of the pasr, bringing us to the "sustainable evolution" of the future.

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   Le concept de « développement durable »[1] fut proposé en 1987 par Gro Harlem Bruntland, qui était alors Premier Ministre de Norvège, comme une tentative de concilier les notions de développement économique et de préservation de l’environnement. Le développement durable était présenté comme une politique se situant à l’intersection des préoccupations économiques, sociales et environnementales. Selon la définition devenue célèbre de Gro Harlem Bruntland, le développement durable consiste à « satisfaire les besoins actuels, sans compromettre la capacité des générations futures à satisfaire les leurs ».