The neoliberal ideology adopted since the Reagan/ Thatcher years admits no contradiction. According to the famous assertion by Margaret Thatcher, "there is no alternative". Any corporation or nation that would like to follow a different path would take the risk to be isolated, marginalized or even sanctioned. Excluding any alternative view is the mark of a totalitarian ideology.The idea that the Western political system has lost, at least partly, its democratic functioning is now often put forward. The English sociologist and political scientist Colin Crouch considers that we have entered a new era of "post-democracy", that "continues to have and to use all the institutions of democracy, but in which they increasingly become a formal shell". Sheldon Wolin, the American political philosopher, describes the present Western political system as "inverted totalitarism", which excludes the ordinary citizen from most decisions, which are dictated by the corporate power. The formal democracy which remains is called by Sheldon Wolin a "managed democracy". According to Sheldon Wolin democracy might appear as confined to a rather short period of time during history and might be considered as a "fugitive democracy". The present political system has been also labelled as a "soft-totalitarism", which rejects any contradiction, without using violent means. Soft-totalitarism refers to a prediction made by Alexis de Tocqueville in his book "Democracy in America" about a "mild despotism" a a potential evolution of democracy, Although such a political system differs deeply from the totalitarian regimes which occured during the XXth century, in case of a serious crisis, it might evolve towards a much more authoritarian system, which would sharply limit civil liberties.

Des liens entre libéralisme et fascisme ont été mis en avant par l’écrivain politique américain Jonah Goldberg, qui a repris le concept de fascisme libéral introduit dès 1930 par l’écrivain H.G. Wells, à un moment où celui-ci était fasciné par les premiers succès des régimes fascistes en Italie et en Allemagne. Pourtant, alors que l’idéologie du fascisme met en avant l’autorité de l’État, le libéralisme classique insiste sur la notion de liberté individuelle. Les deux idéologies semblent donc diverger. Toutefois, à l’inverse du libéralisme classique, qui admet la nécessité de valeurs morales, le néolibéralisme se place dans une perspective d’affrontement. En cas de crise aiguë, les partisans les plus radicaux d'un ordre hégémonique pourraient être tentés de mettre en place un régime autoritaire, qui limiterait au moins en partie les libertés publiques
Aucun commentaire:
Enregistrer un commentaire